介系詞是什麼？in、on、at、by、for、from...... 用法完整整理

介系詞是英文文法中重要但容易混淆的主題之一。ELSA Speak 將幫助你理解介系詞用法、介系詞後面加什麼，以及如何透過簡單易懂的例句應用時間介系詞。

Key Takeaways

介系詞是什麼？

介系詞英文稱為 “Prepositions” ——用於連結名詞、代名詞或名詞片語與句子中其他成分，表達時間、地點、方向、方式或原因等關係。在英文中，介系詞通常置於名詞、代名詞或動詞加-ing（V-ing）之前，構成介系詞片語。

例句：

Preposition + Noun/Pronoun/V-ing

例子：

針對“介系詞有哪些？“這個問題，跟著 ELSA Speak 一起了解以下整理 8 類常見介系詞英文：

時間介系詞（Time Prepositions）用於表達事件發生的時間點或時間段。這也是許多學習者常以月份介系詞、日期介系詞或日期介系詞等關鍵字搜尋的主題。

介系詞	中文釋義	例句
at	在某一具體地點	at the airport, at home, at the bus stop
in	在某空間內部	in the room, in the box, in the garden
on	在表面上	on the table, on the wall, on the desk
under	在……下方	under the bed, under the table, under the bridge
behind	在……後面	behind the door, behind the building
between	在兩人／兩物之間	between the two buildings, between Tom and Mary
beside	在……旁邊	beside the river, beside the chair
near	在……附近	near the station, near my house, near the park

介系詞	中文釋義	例句
to	到、往	go to school, walk to the station
into	進入內部	walk into the room, jump into the pool
onto	到……表面上	climb onto the roof, step onto the bus
from	從	come from Japan, walk from home
through	穿越	walk through the park, drive through the tunnel
across	橫越	walk across the street, swim across the river
toward	朝向	run toward the door, move toward the exit

介系詞	用法	例句
by	指執行動作的人或物	The book was written by J.K. Rowling. (這本書由J.K.羅琳所寫。)
with	指用來執行動作的工具或媒介	The window was broken with a stone. (窗戶被一塊石頭打破了。)
through	指執行動作的方式或手段	We learned English through online courses. (我們透過線上課程學英文。)

介系詞	中文釋義	例句
by	以……方式、藉由	by bus, by train, by car, by email
with	用、使用	with a pen, with a knife, with confidence
via	透過	via email, via Wechat, via the Internet
on foot	步行	go on foot, travel on foot

介系詞	用法	例句
for	指目的、對象	I bought this gift for my mother. (我為媽媽買了這份禮物。)
because of	指原因、理由	The match was canceled because of the rain. (比賽因雨取消了。)
due to	指原因（多用於書面語）	The flight was delayed due to bad weather. (航班因惡劣天氣延誤。)
owing to	指原因（正式）	The event was postponed owing to technical issues. (活動因技術故障延期。)
for the purpose of	指目的	The funds are used for the purpose of education. (這筆資金用於教育目的。)

更多相關介係詞：

介系詞	用法	例句
from	指來源地或出身	She is from Taiwan. (她來自台灣。)
out of	指來源、材料或從某狀態出發	This table is made out of wood. (這張桌子是用木頭做的。)
off	指來源或出發點（較少用，通常搭配交通工具或地點）	He got off the bus. (他下了公車。 )

介系詞	用法	例句
with	指關係或連結	She has a good relationship with her colleagues. (她與同事關係良好。)
between	指兩人或兩物之間的關係	The agreement is between the two companies. (這份協議由兩家公司簽署。)
among	指三人或三物以上群體之間的關係	Trust is important among team members. (信任在團隊成員之間非常重要。)
of	指所有關係或連結	She is a friend of mine. (她是我的一個朋友。)
to	指與他人或他物的關聯	The key to success is hard work. (成功的關鍵在於勤奮。)