過去進行式（Past Continuous Tense）: 用法、結構、對比與例子

你有沒有想過，為什麼我們有時用“was doing”，有時只用“did”？過去進行式(Past Continuous Tense)是一個重要的語法點，它用來描述過去某個時間點發生的動作。與 ELSA Speak 一起探索過去進行式用法，並區分它與其他時態。

過去進行式英文的概念 (Past Continuous Tense)

要回答什麼是過去進行式，我們可以參考以下定義。過去進行式(Past continuous)是過去式之一，通常用來描述和強調事件或動作的過程。它也顯示過去事件的持續性，並且不再持續到現在。

例子:

They were just talking about it before I arrived.
(在我到達之前他們正在談論這件事。)
At 9 am yesterday, I was calling my mom.
(昨天早上 9 點，我在打電話給媽媽。)
In 2002, I was working at T&T company.
(2002年，我在T&T公司工作。)

>>學習更多時態：

過去進行式句型 (Past Continuous Tense)

與其他時態類似，過去進行式也分為肯定、否定和疑問三種形式。

句型	結構
肯定句	S + was/were + V-ing
否定句	S + wasn’t/ weren’t + V-ing
疑問句	Was/ Were + S + V-ing? Wh- + was/ were + S + V-ing?

例子:

She was planting trees in the forest at 4 p.m yesterday.

(昨天下午四點，她正在森林裡種樹。)

They weren’t working at a PC company in 1990.

(1990 年他們沒有在PC公司工作。)

Was she going to the market at 6 pm yesterday?

(她昨天下午 6 點要去市場嗎？)

What was he talking about?

(他在說什麼？)

>>先學這個：動詞三態是什麽? 動詞三態的區別和最準確的用法。

過去進行式用法 (Past Continuous Tense)

了解過去進行式使用時機，有助於更精準地描述過去某個時間正在發生的動作或情境。這種時態常用於以下 4 種情況：

	用法	範例
案例 1	描述過去特定時間發生的動作。	At 9 pm, my family was watching TV. (晚上九點鐘時，我們一家人在看電視。)
案例 2	描述過去同時發生的兩個或多個動作。	I was reading while he was listening to music.(我*在看書*的時候，他在聽音樂。)
案例 3	當一個動作正在進行時，另一個動作被打斷或插入。	When Jane came, I was cooking dinner. (當 Jane 來的時候，我*正在做*晚餐。)
案例 4	用不愉快的、抱怨的語氣描述過去重複的動作。	He was always forgetting his key when he went out.(他出門時總是忘記帶鑰匙。)

過去進行式的識別標志 (Past Continuous Tense)

特定時間副詞

副詞	例子	翻譯
in	In 2015, I was living in Taiwan.	2015年，我正在台灣。
at	She was studying Math at 9 pm last night.	昨晚 9 點她正在學習數學。

熟悉的時間短語

短語	例子	翻譯
at that time	I was watching TV at that time.	當時我正在看電視。
at this time	At this time yesterday, we were driving through the mountains.	昨天這個時候，我們正開車穿過山區。
in the past	In the past, people were writing letters instead of emails.	過去，人們寫信而不是發電子郵件。

在有 while/when 的結構中

連接詞	例子	翻譯
while	I was reading while he was listening to music.	我在看書的時候，他在聽音樂。
when	When she came, I was cooking dinner.	她來的時候，我正在做晚餐。

過去進行式的被動句 (Past Continuous Tense)

句型	結構
肯定句	– 主動: S + was/were + Ving + O – 被動: O + was/were + being + Ved/p2 (+by S)
否定句	– 主動: S + was/were + not + Ving + O – 被動: O + was/were + not + being + Ved/p2 (+by O).
疑問句	– 主動: Was/Were + S + Ving + O? – 被動: Was/Were + O + being + Ved/p2 (+by S)…?

例子:

They were painting the house.

→ The house was being painted (by them). (房子正在粉刷。）

She was not writing the report.

→ The report was not being written (by her). (報告尚未撰寫。)

Were they cleaning the classroom?

→ Was the classroom being cleaned (by them)? (教室被打掃了嗎？)

>>詳細内容：

過去進行式動詞加ing的規則 (Past Continuous Tense)

加ing的規則

規則	範例
規則	範例和翻譯
以 “e” 結尾的動詞 → 去掉 “e” + ing	live → living have → having
以 “ie”結尾的動詞 → 將 “ie”變成“y” + ing	tie → tying lie → lying
單音節動詞，以韻母 + 聲母結尾 → 雙寫聲母 + ing	run → running sit → sitting

不能以 V-ing 形式變位的動詞

動詞組	典型動詞
指感覺	hear, see, taste, smell, feel
指愛好	hate, like, wish, love, prefer
指狀態	seem, appear, sound, look, remain
指意識	understand, believe, know, remember, realize
指擁有	belong, contain, possess, own, have

區分過去進行式 (Past Continuous Tense) 與其他時態

過去進行式過去簡單式做比較

	過去簡單式	過去進行式
結構	+) S + V2/ed -) S + did not (didn’t) + V1 ?) Did + S + V1…?	+) S + was/were + V-ing -) S + was/were + not + V-ing ?) Was/Were + S + V-ing…?
用法	– 描述過去發生並結束的動作。 – 過去連續的動作。	– 描述過去某個時間點發生的動作。 – 被另一個動作打斷的動作。
識別標志	yesterday, last night, ago, in 2010, then,…	while, when, at that time, at 9 p.m. yesterday,…
例子	I watched a movie last night.(我昨晚看了一部電影。)	I was watching a movie at 9 p.m. last night.(昨晚九點我在看電影。)

現在進行式過去進行式未來進行式做比較

	現在進行式	過去進行式	未來進行式
結構	+) S + am/is/are + V-ing -) S + am/is/are + not + V-ing ?) Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing?	+) S + was/were + V-ing -) S + was/were + not + V-ing ?) Was/Were + S + V-ing?	+) S + will be + V-ing -) S + will not (won’t) be + V-ing ?) Will + S + be + V-ing?
用法	– 描述說話時正在發生的動作 – 描述現在正在發生但尚未完成的動作	– 描述過去特定時間在發生的動作 – 描述被另一個動作打斷的動作	描述將來特定時間在發生的動作。
識別標志	now, right now, at the moment, look!, listen!…	at that time, at 9 p.m. yesterday, when, while…	at this time tomorrow, at 10 p.m. next Monday…
例子	I am studying English now.(我現在*正在學習*英語。)	I was studying English at 8 p.m. last night.(昨晚八點我在學英文。)	I will be studying English at this time tomorrow.(明天這個時候我會學英文。)

過去完成進行式過去進行式比較

	過去進行式	過去完成進行式
結構	+) S + was/were + V-ing -) S + was/were + not + V-ing ?) Was/Were + S + V-ing?	+) S + had been + V-ing -) S + had not been + V-ing ?) Had + S + been + V-ing?
用法	– 描述過去某個時間點在發生的動作 – 被另一個動作打斷的動作	強調在過去的另一個時間或動作之前持續的動作。
識別標志	while, when, at that time, at 9 p.m. yesterday…	before, until then, for (time), since, when + mệnh đề quá khứ đơn…
例子	I was cooking dinner when she came. (她來的時候我*正在做*晚餐。)	I had been cooking for an hour before she came.(她來之前我*已經做飯*一個小時了。)

過去進行式練習題 (Past Continuous Tense) 和答案

練習

題目 1: 將括號內的動詞換成正確的形式，完成下列句子。

At 8 a.m. yesterday, my brother (cook) __________ breakfast in the kitchen.
I (not/sleep) __________ when the storm hit the city.
__________ they (play) __________ football when you saw them?
A new road (build) __________ when we visited the village.
The homework (not/do) __________ by the students when the teacher arrived.
What __________ she (do) __________ at 10 p.m. last night?
While we (watch) __________ a movie, someone knocked on the door.
The floor (not/clean) __________ when the guests came in.
__________ the dishes (wash) __________ when you got home?
He (read) __________ a book quietly while his sister (study) __________ next to him.

題目 2: 選出正確的答案完成句子。

My mom and sister _____ playing badminton at 11 am yesterday.
A. are
B. was
C. were
_____ you still working at 9 pm last night?
A. Were
B. Are
C. Was
At 8 am today I _____ driving to school.
A. was
B. am
C. were
They _____ sleeping when the police came.
A. was
B. weren’t
C. won’t
Why _____ she having lunch at 4 pm?
A. was
B. does
C. were
Was she not _____ her homework?
A. doing
B. do
C. done
Snow _____ lightly. Suddenly a reindeer appeared.
A. fell
B. was falling
C. is falling
Somebody threw a shoe at her _____ she was speaking.
A. after
B. when
C. while
We ________ TV when she arrived.
A. were watching
B. were watched
C. watched
He was reading a detective story _____ he heard a noise.
A. during
B. while
C. when

答案

答案 1:

句子	1	2	3	4	5
答案	was cooking	was not sleeping	Were … playing	was being built	was not being done
句子	6	7	8	9	10
答案	was … doing	were watching	was not being cleaned	Were … being washed	was reading – was studying