since 用法：意義、規範用法、區分方法及記憶技巧

Since 是英文中常見但容易被誤用的字。 since 在中文裡是什麼意思？ ELSA Speak 通過使用 since例句幫助你理解 since 的意思、結構和正確用法。從完成時態到短語“as, because, since”都解釋得很清楚。 5分鐘內探索並掌握 since 用法！

Key takeaways: – “since“ 的意思：無論是連接詞或介詞，since 的意思都取決於句子結構和動詞時態。 – “since“是連接詞：當子句中的動詞為過去式時，”since”通常表示時間。 – ”since”是連接詞：當子句中的動詞是現在式時，“since“通常表示原因。 – ”since”和”for”都是介詞：當某件事發生在具體的時間時，用“since“；當事件涉及一段時間時，使用”for”。在這種情況下，主句中的動詞通常是現在完成式。

Since 是什麽? 

Since中文: “自從/從…以來/起”, “因為…”, “由於…” (類似於 “because”)

“Since” 是一個介詞，用來表示事件或動作開始發生的時間點。它通常與完成式（Present Perfect, Past Perfect）一起使用，以表達過去開始並持續到現在或過去某個時間點的動作。

since例句: 

• I have lived in Taipei since 2010. (我從2010年起就住在台北。)
• I had been studying English for 5 years since I went to the US. (我自從去美國以後，已經學了五年的英文了。)

Since 的結構

那麼 Since + 什麼？ “since“後面是什麼時態？與 ELSA Speak 一起通過如下表來了解一下吧！

Since 的公式	意思	例子
Since + 時間軸	“Since” 後面跟著過去的具體時間。	I have worked here since 2015. (我從 2015 年起就在這裡工作。)
Since + 一般過去式子句	只有過去的事件才能作為計算其他動作發生時間的參考點。	I haven’t spoken to her since she moved abroad. (自從她移居國外後我就沒跟她說過話。)
Since + V-ing	當主句和簡句的主詞相同時使用。	Since joining the company, he has contributed significantly to the team. (自加入公司以來，他為團隊做出了重大貢獻。)
Since + there	強調自某個時間以來某種情況的存在。	Since there was a major system upgrade, everything has been running smoothly. (自從進行了重大系統升級後，一切都運作順利。)
Since + then	只有一個事件在另一個事件之後發生。	She started her new job last month. Since then, she has been more enthusiastic. (她上個月開始了新工作。從此以後，她變得更加熱情了。)
Ever since	強調過去某個時間點以來持續進行的動作。	Ever since we first met, we have been inseparable. (自從我們第一次見面以來，我們就形影不離。)
It’s time since + 過去子句	表示自具體事件發生以來已經過去的一段時間了。	It’s been three years since I last visited Paris. (從最後去巴黎的的時候已經是三年了。)

since 用法 英文

在大多數情況下，since用法完成式是最為常見。但在某些具體情況下，“since“也可以與一般過去式連用，表示動作的開始時間。

如何在英語時態使用since？

時態	結構	例子
現在完成式	S + have/has + V3/ed + since + 時間軸/一般過去式	I have worked here since I graduated from university. (我從大學畢業就一直在這裡工作。)
現在完成進行式	S + have/has + been + V-ing + since + 時間軸	They have been traveling around the world since last year. (他們從去年開始就一直在世界各地旅行。).
過去完成式	S + had + V3/ed + since + 一般過去式子句	By the time I met her, she had already lived in Japan since she was a teenager. (當我遇見她時，她從十幾歲起就已經在日本生活了。).
過去完成進行式	S + had + been + V-ing + since + 一般過去式子句	He had been learning to cook since his father taught him five years ago. (自從五年前父親教他做飯以來，他就一直在學習做飯。).

>>瞭解更多英語時態：12 種英文時態：結構、識別標誌、用法、記憶技巧與應用練習

Since 用來表示原因和結果

Since不僅用於表示時間點，還可以表示原因和結果。當以這種意義使用時，since 相當於“because”（因為），用於在主句中給出原因或解釋事件的原因。這也是since用法句首和句中，但請確保句子語法正確！

结构:

Since + 原因子句，主句（結果）

或者

主句（結果） + since + 原因子句

例子:

• Since it was raining, we decided to stay indoors. (由於下雨，我們決定待在室內。).

→ 這裡，since 用來說明“下雨了“的原因，結果是“我們待在室內“。

• She didn’t come to the party since she was feeling unwell. (由於她身體不舒服，她沒有來參加聚會。).

→ 原因是“她感覺不舒服”，導致結果是“她沒有來參加聚會”。

• The project was delayed since there were technical issues. (由於存在技術問題，該項目被推遲。).

→ “技術問題“的原因導致了“項目被推遲“。

>>相關内容：

• 因此 英文: So, thus, therefore, hence 的用法
• although 用法：詳細解釋、例句與應用練習
• 然而英文是什麼？如何使用 however、nevertheless 和具體代替單詞
• 除了 英文（In addition to）：定義、用法、結構與同義詞

區分 for 和 since 的用法

Since 和 For 是兩種經常讓英語學習者誤用的結構。下面是一個表格，區分了 Since 和 For 這兩個結構的用法：

	Since	For
主要用途	表示從過去某一特定時間點到現在的一段時間或原因。	表達行動的時間段、目的、利益和受益者。
子句形式通常與	Since + 時間點 / Since + 一般過去式子句 / Since + V-ing / Since + There…	For + 時間段 / For + 目的 / For + 受益人…
基本公式	– Since + [時間點]  – Since +一般過去式子句 – Since + V-ing	– For + [一段時間] – For + [目的]  – For + [受益人]
例子	– I have lived here since 2010. （我從2010年起就住在這裡。） – She has worked here since she graduated.（她從畢業以後就在這裡工作。）	– I’ve worked here for 5 years. （我在這裡工作了五年了。） – This gift is for you.（這份禮物是給你的。）

注意:

• Since 通常與完成式連用，而 for 可以與多種不同時態連用。
• 在某些情況下，since 和 for 可以互換使用，但前提是兩者都可以描述從過去延伸到現在的一段時間。

區分 since 與其他結構

est 和 since 用法

	Est.	Since
意思	Established的縮寫，意為「已建立」。	意為“自從，從”，表示過去的起點。
用法	– 用於品牌名稱、公司、組織。- 附帶年份：Est. + 年（Est. 1998）。 – 常用於Logo、品牌描述。	– 用來表示從過去到現在的時間點。 – Since + 時間點（自 2010 年起）。 – 通常與現在完成式連用。
例子	– Est. 2005 (成立於2005年) – Bonnie Coffee, est. 2018, is now global. (Bonnie Coffee,成立於 2018 年，現已成為全球企業。)	– I’ve lived here since 2015. (我從 2015 年起就住在這裡。)  – Since he graduated, he’s worked for a tech company. (自從畢業以來，他一直在一家科技公司工作。)

ever since 用法

意思:
Ever since 的意思是自從/從，用來表示某事從過去某個時間點已發生並且仍在繼續。

用法:

• 在過去的時間或事件之後使用“ever since”。
• 通常用現在完成式。

例子:

• I’ve been happy ever since I moved to Taiwan. (自從搬到台灣以來，我一直很開心。)
• We’ve been close ever since we met in college. (自從我們在大學相識以來，關係就一直很親密。)

because, as, since 用法

	Because	As	Since
意思	因爲 – 強調清楚，直接的原因	因為—輕微的原因，不強調	因為—輕微的原因，通常用於原因明確的情況下
用法	– 當原因很重要或需要澄清時使用。- 可以位於句首或句中。	– 用於書面形式或原因較不重要時。- 在句子的開頭或中間。	– 當聽眾/讀者已經知道原因時使用。-常用於書面語，比”because”更有禮貌。
例子	She stayed home because she was sick. (她因為生病而待在家裡。)	As it was getting late, we decided to go home. (因爲天已晚，我們決定回家。)	Since you’re here early, let’s start the meeting. (因爲你來的這麼早，我們就開始會議吧。)

due to 和 since 用法

意思: due to 和 since 都用來談論原因，但是它們的用法和語法不同。

用法:

• Due to 是介詞（後接名詞），表示“因為，由於”，通常位於“be”之後。
• Since 是連接詞，後面跟著子句（主詞+動詞），意思是“因為，由於“。

例子:

• The delay was due to heavy traffic. (延誤是由於交通擁堵。)
• Since it was raining, we stayed home. (由於下雨，所以我們留在家裡。)

but 和 since 用法

	But	Since
詞類	連接詞 (conjunction)	連接詞 (conjunction) 或介詞(preposition), 副詞 (adverb)
主要功能	用於連接兩個相反的小句（表示相反、對立）。	用於表示原因（因為）或時間點（自從，從）。
普通意義	– 但是- 然而	– 因爲- 自從，從
句子中的位置	通常位於兩個子句之間	可以出現在句首或句中，取決於意思（原因或時間）。
例子	I’m tired, but I’ll keep working. (我很累，但是我會繼續工作。)	– Since it’s raining, we’ll stay inside. (因為下雨，所以我們就待在室內。)– I’ve known her since we were kids. (我從小就認識她。)

from 和 since 的用法

意思: From 和 since 都可以指開始時間，但不能同時連用。

用法:

• From 與 to/until/till 一起使用，表示特定的時間段。
• Since 用來表示某事在過去某個時間點開始。

例子:

• I worked there from 2010 to 2015. (我從 2010 年到 2015 年在那裡工作。)
• I’ve been here since morning. (我從早上就在這裡。)

>>更多英文語法結構：

• While 是什麼意思？結構、含義、用法及附答案練習
• If 用法，概念，結構與練習： 一、二、三，混合
• Used to, be used to, get used to 的構造在英文中的用法是什麼？區別和練習示例以避免混淆

區分 For 和 Since 用法的練習

練習

練習一: 用 since 或 for 填空下列句子：

1. They have been close friends __________ high school.
2. I have been learning Japanese __________ four years.
3. She hasn’t visited her parents __________ last Christmas.
4. We have been standing in line __________ 30 minutes.
5. He has been employed at that firm __________ 2008.
6. She has been practicing piano __________ two hours.
7. We have been neighbors __________ we moved here.
8. He has been preparing for the exam __________ last Friday.
9. They have been living abroad __________ almost a decade.
10. I have been driving __________ the past hour.

練習二: 使用 since 或 for 完成以下句子：

1. How long have you been attending yoga classes? – I have been attending yoga classes _____ six months.
2. How long has he worked at the bank? – He has worked at the bank _____ 2015.
3. How long have they been married? – They have been married _____ they graduated college.
4. How long have you been volunteering here? – I have been volunteering here _____ a year.
5. How long has she been painting? – She has been painting _____ she was a teenager.
6. How long have you been waiting in line? – I have been waiting in line _____ half an hour.
7. How long has he been building the treehouse? – He has been building the treehouse _____ a month.
8. How long have they been running the business? – They have been running the business _____ five years.
9. How long have you known your best friend? – I have known my best friend _____ we were in elementary school.
10. How long has she been working at the hospital? – She has been working at the hospital _____ last summer.

練習三: 使用 SINCE 或 FOR 回答問題：

1. How long have you worked at this position? (6 years)
2. How long have you practiced Spanish? (2018)
3. How long have you lived in Canada? (I was a teenager)
4. How long has she met her teacher? (October)
5. How long have they finished all the tasks? (3 hours)
6. How long has John played basketball? (he was 7)
7. How long has Anna played the violin? (4 years)
8. How long have they stayed at the hotel? (last week)
9. How long has the cat been outside? (15 minutes)
10. How long have you been saving money for your dream car? (March)

答案

練習一:

1. since	2. for	3. since	4. for	5. since
6. for	7. since	8. since	9. for	10. for

練習二:

1. for	2. since	3. since	4. for	5. since
6. for	7. for	8. for	9. since	10. since

練習三:

1. I have worked at this position for 6 years.
2. I have practiced Spanish since 2018.
3. I have lived in Canada since I was a teenager.
4. She has met her teacher since October.
5. They have finished all the tasks for 3 hours.
6. John has played basketball since he was 7.
7. Anna has played the violin for 4 years.
8. They have stayed at the hotel since last week.
9. The cat has been outside for 15 minutes.
10. I have been saving money for my dream car since March.

常見問題

“Since + 年份” 這個結構正確嗎？

→ 結構 “Since + 年份” 是正確.

例子: I have lived in Hanoi since 2010. (我從 2010 年起就住在河內。)

Since 通常以什麼時態出現？

→ Since 通常用現在完成式(present perfect)或過去完成式(past perfect)。 since 之後的子句通常為一般過去式 (past simple)。

了解 since 用法以及用since例句將幫助你輕鬆地將其應用於日常英語交流和寫作。不要忘記經常練習以記住更長時間！查看 ELSA Speak 上有關英語文法的更多文章以每天提高你的英語能力。