副詞子句（Adverbial Clause）：定義、分類、用法、例句與練習

在英語語法中，副詞子句（Adverbial Clause）是一個非常重要的部分，使句子更加清晰、流暢。它通常用來回答「when（何時）、where（在哪裡）、why（為什麼）、how（如何）」等問題，並由從屬連接詞引導。因此，讓我們與 ELSA Speak 一起學習副詞子句英文, 副詞子句用法與副詞子句練習。

Key takeaways

副詞子句是由從屬連接詞開頭的從屬子句，具有副詞的功能，用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個主要子句（如時間、原因、條件、目的、讓步等）。它不能獨立存在，必須與主句搭配使用。 位置  – 句首: Because it rained, we stayed home.  – 句尾: We stayed home because it rained. 常見連接詞  – 時間: when, while, before, after, since, until…  – 原因: because, since, as  – 條件: if, unless, as long as  – 目的: so that, in order that  – 讓步: although, though, even if 注意  – 不同於形容詞子句（修飾名詞），副詞子句用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個主句。  – 可以省略部分內容，但意思會變得不夠明確。

副詞子句是什麼？

副詞子句 英文（Adverb Clause）是一種不能單獨存在的從屬子句，具有副詞的功能，用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個主句，使句子更加具體、生動並富有語境。副詞子句可以放在句首、句中或句尾，並且可表達字面或比喻意義。

副詞子句例句:

• He participates in club activities after he’s done with classes every Wednesday.

(每週三放學後，他都參加社團活動。)

• As dollar signs flashed in her eyes, my cousin agreed to the proposal.

(想到眼前的好處，我的表弟便同意了那個提議。)

副詞子句 位置

副詞子句（Adverb Clause）可根據其修飾的成分放置於句子的不同位置。掌握好位置有助於靈活運用，使句子更加自然流暢。

副詞子句 修飾動詞

當副詞子句用來修飾動詞時，可以放在句首或句尾。

例句:

• He was robbed by some strangers in a dark alley before he got home.
  = Before he got home, he was robbed by some strangers in a dark alley.
  (他在回家前，被搶劫於一條黑暗的小巷中。）
• As I’m sick, I won’t be able to come to your birthday party.
  = I won’t be able to come to your birthday party as I’m sick.
  (因為我生病了，所以無法參加朋友的生日聚會。)
• Although the result is bad, she is not upset.
  = She is not upset although the result is bad.
  (儘管結果不好，她並不難過。)

副詞子句 修飾形容詞或副詞

在這種情況下，副詞子句通常緊接在其所修飾的形容詞或副詞之後。

例句:

• The weather is so hot that I can’t go out.
  (（天氣太熱了，所以我無法外出。）
• I loved her as if she was my own child.
  (我疼愛那女孩，如同自己的親生女兒。)
• The deal turned out better than I expected.
  （這份協議結果比我預期的還要好。）

>>閲讀更多：頻率副詞 (Adverbs of Frequency): 位置, 用法與詳細例句

副詞子句省略法

在省略後，副詞子句仍保留其原本的位置。

例句:

• Be careful when you walk on the street!
  = Be careful when walking on the street!
  (走在路上時要小心。)
• As he is a teacher, he is responsible for educating children.
  = Being a teacher, he is responsible for educating children.
  (因為是老師，他有教育孩童的責任。)

副詞子句分類

根據副詞子句連接詞，我們可以將副詞子句分為八種類型：

• 時間副詞子句（Adverbial Clause of Time）
• 地點副詞子句（Adverbial Clause of Place）
• 方式副詞子句（Adverbial Clause of Manner）
• 目的副詞子句（Adverbial Clause of Purpose）
• 原因副詞子句（Adverbial Clause of Reason）
• 結果副詞子句（Adverbial Clause of Result）
• 條件副詞子句（Adverbial Clause of Condition）
• 讓步副詞子句（Adverbial Clause of Concession）

讓我們一起與 ELSA Speak 來了解這些副詞子句的種類，以及它們在各種情境下的副詞子句 用法吧！

時間副詞子句 (Adverbial clause of time)

時間副詞子句用來表示某個動作發生或進行的時間點。這類子句通常由時間連接詞引導，例如: when, while, before, after, since, until, as soon as, whenever等。

連接詞	意義	例句
When	當……時	I will call you when I arrive at the airport. (我到機場時會打電話給你。)
While	在……期間	He watched TV while eating dinner. (他一邊吃晚餐一邊看電視。)
Before	在……之前	Please finish your homework before going out. (出門前先完成作業。)
After	在……之後	She went to the gym after working. (她下班後去健身房運動。)
Since	自從……以來	I have known her since we were in high school. (我從高中起就認識她了。)
Until	直到……為止	Stay in the classroom until the bell rings. (待在教室裡直到鐘響為止。)
As soon as	一……就……	I’ll tell you as soon as I receive the email. (我一收到電子郵件就會通知你。)
Whenever	每當……時	She cries whenever she is sad. (她每當難過時就會哭。)

地點副詞子句 (Adverbial Clauses of Place)

地點副詞子句用來描述主句中動作發生的地點。這類子句通常由以下連接詞引導，例如： where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere…等。

連接詞	意義	例句
Where	在……的地方	The party will be held where we had our wedding. (宴會將在我們舉行婚禮的地方舉辦。)
Wherever	無論在哪裡	You can sit wherever you like in the theater. (在劇院裡，你可以坐在任何你喜歡的地方。)
Anywhere	任何地方	You can find good coffee anywhere in this city. (在這座城市的任何地方都能找到好喝的咖啡。)
Everywhere	到處	People were running everywhere to find shelter from the storm. (人們到處奔跑尋找避風的地方。)

方式副詞子句 (Adverbial Clauses of Manner)

方式副詞子句用來說明主句中的動作是以何種方式或方法進行的。這類子句通常由以下連接詞引導，例如: as, just as, like, as if, as though, the way…

連接詞	意義	例句
As	照……的方式	He did the homework as his teacher told him. (他照老師說的方式完成作業。)
Just as	完全像	She sings just as her mother used to sing. (她唱歌的樣子就像她母親以前一樣。)
Like	像……一樣	They dance like professionals on the stage. (他們在舞台上跳舞，像專業舞者一樣。)
The way	依照……的方式	Do it the way I showed you. (請依照我教你的方法去做。)
As if	彷彿	She smiled at him as if she knew him well. (她對他微笑，彷彿非常熟悉他一樣。)
As though	好像	The student answered confidently as though he knew the answer for sure. (那位學生自信地回答，好像他確定知道答案。)

目的副詞子句 (Adverbial Clauses of Purpose)

目的副詞子句用來說明主句中動作的目的或意圖。這類子句通常由以下連接詞或片語引導: in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that.

連接詞／片語	結構	例句
In order to	S + V + in order/so as (not) + to + V …(以 / 為了…)	She saved money in order to buy a new car. (她存錢是為了能夠買一輛新車。)
So as to		He left early so as to catch the first bus. (他早早離開，好趕上第一班公車。)
To		I study hard to improve my English. (我努力學習以提升英文水平。)
So that	S + V + so that / in order that + S + can/could/will/would + V(以 / 為了…)	He studied hard so that he could pass the exam. (他勤奮學習，為了能通過考試。)
In order that		She writes notes in order that she won’t forget important points. (她做筆記是為了不忘記重要的要點。)

原因副詞子句 (Adverbial Clauses of Reason)

原因副詞子句用來說明主句中動作的理由或原因。常見的連接詞有: because, as, since, due to, owing to, because of…

連接詞	結構	例句
Because	Because / As / Since + S + V(因…)	She couldn’t attend the meeting because she was sick. (她因生病而無法參加會議。）
As		As it was raining, we stayed at home.（因為下雨，我們待在家裡。）
Since		Since we’re running out of time, let’s prioritize the most important tasks. （由於我們時間不多，請優先處理最重要的任務。)
Because of	Because of / Due to / Owing to + N phrase / V-ing(因 / 由…)	The roads were congested because of rush hour traffic. （由於尖峰時段的交通，路上非常擁擠。）
Due to		The flight was delayed due to bad weather conditions. （航班因惡劣天氣而延誤。）
Owing to		Owing to his carelessness, he failed the exam. （由於自己的粗心大意，他考試不及格。）

結果副詞子句 (Adverbial Clauses of Result)

結果副詞子句用來表示主句中的動作或情況所引發的結果，說明因果關係。常見連接詞包括: so, therefore, consequently, as a result, as a consequence, so…that, such…that

連接詞	意義	例句
So = With the result that	因此／所以	They planned their trip well, so they didn’t encounter any problems along the way. (他們精心策劃了這次旅行，因此一路上沒有遇到任何問題。)
Therefore / Consequently / As a result / As a consequence	因此／所以	The roads were slippery due to the rain, therefore we had to drive slowly. (因為下雨路滑，所以我們得慢慢開車。)
So + adj/adv … that …	太……以至於……	The concert was so loud that my ears were ringing for hours afterwards. (音樂會太吵了，以至於我的耳朵在之後幾個小時裡仍聽到嗡嗡聲。)
Such + (a/an) + adj + N … that …	如此……以至於……	She made such a delicious cake that everyone wanted a second slice. (她做的蛋糕太好吃了，以至於大家都想再吃一塊。)

>>閲讀更多：因此 英文: So, thus, therefore, hence 的用法

條件副詞子句 (Adverbial Clauses of Condition)

條件副詞子句用來表示主句中的動作或情況發生所需的條件。常見連接詞包括: if, unless, as long as, so long as, whether

連接詞	意義	例句
If	如果	If it rains tomorrow, we will stay indoors. (如果明天下雨，我們就待在家裡。)
Unless = If…not	除非	Unless you study hard, you won’t pass the exam. (除非你努力學習，否則你無法通過考試。)
As long as / So long as	只要／在……條件下	You can borrow my car as long as you return it by tomorrow. (只要你明天之前還車，你就可以借我的車。)
Whether	是否／……（有無條件）	I don’t know whether she will agree to join us. (我不知道她是否願意和我們一起參加。)

讓步副詞子句 (Adverbial Clauses of Concession)

讓步副詞子句（表示對比或讓步）用來承認一個與主句內容相反或對立的情況。常見連接詞包括: although, even though, though, while, whereas, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, whatever, whoever, however, wherever…

連接詞	意義	例句
Although / Even though / Though / In spite of the fact that	雖然	Although he is rich, he is unhappy. (雖然他很富有，但仍然不快樂。)
While / Whereas / Meanwhile	然而	I’m good at singing, while my younger sister is good at dancing. (我擅長唱歌，而我妹妹擅長跳舞。)
Nevertheless / Nonetheless	儘管	He doesn’t like her, nevertheless he decided to marry her. (他不喜歡她，然而仍決定與她結婚。)
In spite of / Despite + N phrase	雖然	In spite of the noise, I could still concentrate. (儘管有噪音，我仍然能專心。)
Whatever / Whoever / However / Wherever	無論是什麼 (是誰／如何／在哪裡)	My grandfather is always full of energy, however old he is. (無論我祖父多大年紀，他總是充滿活力。)

>>閲讀更多：然而英文是什麼？如何使用 however、nevertheless 和具體代替單詞

區分 名詞子句 形容詞子句 副詞子句

	名詞子句 (Noun Clause)	形容詞子句 (Adjective/Relative Clause)	副詞子句 (Adverbial Clause)
功能	在句中作主語、受詞或補語	修飾名詞／名詞片語	修飾動詞、形容詞或整個主句
開頭詞	that, if, whether, wh-words (what, who, where…)	who, whom, whose, which, that, where, when…	because, although, if, when, after, before, since, so that…
位置	可位於句首、句中或句尾	置於其所修飾的名詞之後	通常在句首或句尾
例句	I know that she is right. (我知道她是對的。)	The man who is talking to you is my uncle. (正在和你說話的那位男子是我叔叔。)	I stayed home because it was raining. (因為下雨，我待在家裡。)

副詞子句練習

練習題

練習 1: 選出正確答案

1. We stayed at home ___ it rained heavily.
   A. because
   B. although
   C. unless
   D. so that
   
2. ___ finishing his homework, he went out with friends.
   A. Because
   B. After
   C. Having
   D. Before
   
3. She speaks English fluently ___ she has lived in London for 5 years.
   A. although
   B. since
   C. unless
   D. until
   
4. He works very hard ___ he can support his family.
   A. in order that
   B. because
   C. although
   D. unless
   
5. ___ being tired, she still helped her little brother with homework.
   A. Despite
   B. Because
   C. Although
   D. While
   
6. ___ studying abroad, he gained a lot of experience.
   A. As
   B. Because
   C. While
   D. By
   
7. You won’t pass the exam ___ you study harder.
   A. because
   B. unless
   C. although
   D. since
   
8. ___ walking in the park, I saw a beautiful bird.
   A. Because
   B. While
   C. Unless
   D. Since
   
9. ___ having much money, he is not really happy.
   A. Because
   B. Though
   C. In spite of
   D. Since
   
10. She saved money ___ buy a new laptop.
    A. so as to
    B. because of
    C. although
    D. if

練習 2: 在所給的副詞子句中填入合適的連接詞

1. He won’t call you ___ he needs help. (unless/although/when)
2. She didn’t come to class ___ being sick. (because/though/due to)
3. I listened carefully ___ the teacher was explaining the lesson. (when/as/unless)
4. ___ busy, he always spends time with his children. (Although/When/While)
5. We hurried up ___ we could catch the last bus. (so that/unless/because)
6. ___ finishing his breakfast, he went to work. (After/Although/Before)
7. The students kept silent ___ the teacher was angry. (since/as soon as/though)
8. ___ living in the countryside, she enjoys a peaceful life. (Because/By/Though)
9. She looked at me ___ she wanted to say something. (as if/so that/unless)
10. ___ being well-prepared, he still felt nervous before the presentation. (Although/Despite/Because)

答案

練習 1:

題號	1	2	3	4	5
答案	A	C	B	A	A
題號	6	7	8	9	10
T答案	D	B	B	C	A

練習 2:

題號	1	2	3	4	5
答案	unless	due to	as	Although	so that
題號	6	7	8	9	10
答案	After	since	By	as if	Despite

常見問題

關係子句 副詞子句之間有什麼關係?

→  兩者都是由連接詞引導的從屬子句。
不同點:

• 關係子句 → 修飾名詞。
• 副詞子句 → 修飾動詞或整個主句。

副詞子句 時態 如何使用?

→ 在副詞子句中，時態的使用依語境而定，與普通句相同。

注意： 在表示未來時間 (when, before, after, until, as soon as…)的副詞子句中 → 用現在式代替 will。

什麼時候 副詞子句 現在式代替未來式?

→ 在表示時間或條件的副詞子句中 (when, before, after, until, as soon as, if, unless…), 若要表達未來的事情, 不可使用 “will”, 而要用現在式來代替。

例句:

• I will call you when I arrive. (不能說 i when I will arrive)
• If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home.

副詞子句 分詞構句 有關係嗎?

→ 分詞構句實際上是副詞子句的簡化形式，當兩個子句的主語相同時。

副詞子句可用於多種語境：表達時間、原因、目的、條件等。透過練習副詞子句 例句與副詞子句 練習，你將能更加熟練掌握這一語法重點。ELSA Speak 也會持續更新更多有關英語語法的實用文章，幫助你每天提升英語溝通能力！