Idioms 是幫助話語變得更加自然和生動的獨特組詞。與 ELSA Speak 一起了解有趣的 idiom 以每天提升你的英語技能!

idiom 意思

Idiom 是什麽?

Idiom 中文翻譯爲成語。它們是由我們在日常生活中經常遇到的單字組合而成的特殊組詞或概念。成語的一個特點是它們的意思與每個組成詞的意思完全不同。因此,要清楚地理解一個成語的含義,不可能簡單地將單字的含義放在一起。換句話說,成語是固定的短語,其順序不能改變,也不能增減詞語,往往具有深刻的隱喻意義。

例如: It’s raining cats and dogs.

翻譯: 天下著傾盆大雨。

如果我們只看組成這個成語的單字,有人會翻譯成狗和貓從天上掉下來。但實際上,這是藉用幽默的形象來描述特大雨的一種方式。

有效地學習成語的技巧

英語中有很多 idiom,在短時間內學會所有的是「不可能的」。以下是 ELSA Speak 整理的有用秘訣。

學成語 (Idiom) 的秘訣
  • 根據语境和主題

不要死記硬背;將成語放入溝通的具體場景或想像語境中使用並練習口語,有助於記住更長時間。

  • 不要學太多:成語、俗語沒有一定的規則,很容易造成混亂。一次學習5個成語並經常使用它們會更有效。
  • 了解成語的表達狀態:成語常表達情感或狀態。將它們置於與情緒相關的情境中將幫助你更長時間地記住它們並提高你的溝通反應。
  • 注意特殊結構:注意無法逐字翻譯的特殊短語。從上下文中預測含義,然後學習細節以建立豐富的成語詞彙。

英語 idiom 的用法

英語成語常用於溝通句子或表達某些事物。它有助於增加你正在談論的問題的吸引力。在某些情況下,英語成語也有助於捍衛你的論點。對於那些正在學習英語交流或想在 IELTS, TOEFL考試中取得高分的人來說,英語成語和俗語也發揮著重要作用。

英語中所有主題的常用idioms 

與自然有關的 idiom

成語意思
Under the weather(感覺不舒服)
A storm is brewing劇變/麻煩即將發生
Calm before the storm暴風雨前的寧靜(騷亂前的異常寧靜)
Weather a storm度過困難
When it rains, it pours不幸(壞事接二連三地發生)
Chasing rainbows追求不切實際的(無法實現的)
Rain or shine下雨或晴天(無論條件如何,這都一定會發生)
Under the sun地球上(生活中的一切)
Once in a blue moon千载难逢(極少見發證)
Every cloud has a silver lining不幸之幸(不幸中也有可庆幸的。指灾祸中也有福在)。
A rising tide lifts all boats水涨船高 (經濟好的時候大家都會受益)
Get into deep water遇到麻煩
Pour oil on troubled waters調和並緩和緊張局勢
Make waves引起注意(创造戏剧性的变化)
Go with the flow順其自然(放松,不要强迫)
Lost at sea困惑、迷失(不知道该怎么办)
Sail close to the wind做一些有风险的事情(几乎超出了法律界限)
Make a mountain out of a molehill小事变大/小题大做
Gain ground發展、進步
Walking on air非常高興,幸福
Many moons ago很久以前
Castle in the sky幻想與不切實際的夢想
Down to earth現實,不是幻想
Salt of the earth善良、誠實的人
The tip of the iceberg冰山一角(只是問題的一角)
Break the ice打破尷尬氣氛
Sell ice to Eskimos極具很好的說服力(出售沒人需要的東西)
Bury your head in the sand避免真相或困難的情況
Let the dust settle等待局勢再次穩定
Clear as mud不清楚,難以理解
As cold as stone冰冷、沒有感情
Between a rock and a hard place困境(兩件壞事難以選擇)
Nip something in the bud扼杀在摇篮里
Barking up the wrong tree誤解了問題,走錯了方向
Out of the woods擺脫困境
Can’t see the forest for the trees由於過度關注小細節而看不到大局
To hold out an olive branch提出調解建議
Beat around the bush繞圈子,沒有說到重點
成語 (Idiom) 關於自然

與金錢有關的 idiom

成語意思
Look like a million dollars/bucks看起來很神奇而且很有吸引力。
Born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth出生於一個富裕而成功的家庭。
To go from rags to riches努力從貧困走向富裕。
Pay an arm and a leg for something非常貴的東西。
To have sticky fingers成為一名小偷。
To give a run for one’s money努力工作,爭取勝利。
To pony up支付某物或償還債務。
To ante up付錢給某人,像 “to pony up.”
Break even收支平衡,不賠錢。
Break the bank非常貴的東西。
To be closefisted不想花錢,就像小氣一樣。
To go Dutch出去吃飯「誰的錢誰自己付」。
Shell out money/to fork over money花很多錢支付某些東西(通常很貴)。
Midas touch賺錢的能力很輕鬆
In the red/In the black“In the red” 是你的支出超過收入; “In the black” 是你賺的錢多於花的錢。
Receive a kickback收受非法金錢/收受賄賂。
Live (from) hand to mouth沒有多少錢,生活是困難和匱乏的。
To be loaded有很多錢。
Make ends meet賺足夠的錢來支付生活費和基本開支。
As genuine as a three-dollar bill假的東西,不是真的。
成語 (Idiom) 關於錢

與身體部位相關的 idiom

成語意思
Rule of thumb一般規則,不以科學或研究為基礎的不成文規則。
Keep your chin up保持精神振奮,堅強,不要讓失敗或困難對你有太大的影響。
Find your feet自我調整,融入新環境。
成語 (Idiom) 關於身體部分

與食物有關的 idiom 

成語意思
Spice things up做的讓某學更有意思
A piece of cake這很容易,「就像餡餅一樣簡單」。
Cool as a cucumber平靜和舒服。
A couch potato花大量時間看電視,活動較少的人。
Bring home the bacon工作謀生以養家。
In hot water處境困難或陷入嚴重麻煩。
Compare apples and oranges两个不一样的东西是不应该比较的。
Not one’s cup of tea不是任何人都喜欢或关心的东西。
Eat like a bird吃得很少。
Eat like a horse吃得很多。
Butter [someone] up奉承,奉承某人以獲得支持。
Food for thought要认真思考的事情。
A smart cookie聰明的人。
Packed like sardines人頭攢動,擠滿了人。
Spill the beans一不小心洩漏了秘密。
A bad apple對團體中的其他人有負面影響的人。
Bread and butter有助於支付生活費的工作。
Buy a lemon購買沒有價值或有問題的物品。
A hard nut to crack難以接觸、親近或打交道的人。
Have a sweet tooth喜歡吃甜食。
成語 (Idiom) 關於食物

與數字有關的 idiom 

成語意思
A great one for sth對什麽感興趣
A new one on me奇怪的事
A nine day wonder生活中最奇怪的事情
A nine-to-five job無聊的工作
A one-night stand一夜情
A quick one快速喝一杯酒
A storm in a tea cup因小問題而擔心、生氣
All in one, all rolled up into one全部合而為一,全部捲成一體
At one time某段已過去的時間
At sixes and sevens一種混亂的狀態
Back to square one回到最初
Be at one with someone與某人統一
Be in two minds還沒決定
Be/get one up on someone比某人更有優勢
Dresses up to the nines穿得很好看
For one thing因爲一個原因
For two pins差點
Have one over the eight喝太多
Hold your horse等一下
In two shakes马上, 立刻
It’s all one (to me/him)都一樣
Knock someone for six打敗誰
My one and only copy唯一的人
On cloud nine雲九上
One and the same一且相同
One for the road離開前的最後一杯酒
One in a thousand/million百里挑一
One in the eye for someone刺眼
One of the boy同一群體的人
One of these days不久
One of those days倒霉天
One too many很多酒
Put two and two together猜對某事
Two bites of/at the cherry機會來了兩次
Two/ten a penny容易取得
Idiom 關於數字

與顏色有關的 idiom

成語意思
(Catch someone/be caught) red-handed(抓住某人/被抓住)當場
A black day (for someone/sth)黑色的一天
A black list黑名單
A black look生氣的樣子
A black mark黑痕、污點
A blue-collar worker/job體力勞動
A boil from the blue閃電新聞
A green belt一條綠帶
A red herring打退堂鼓
A red letter day難忘的一天
A white lie無害的謊言
A white-collar worker/job辦公室人員/白領
A/the black sheep (of the family)家庭與社會的污點
A/the blue-eyed boy被寵愛的孩子
As white as a sheet/ghost白得像一張紙/幽靈
Be green不成熟
Be in the black有存款
Be in the red銀行債務
Be/go/turn as red as a beetroot因為尷尬而臉紅
Black and blue瘀青
Black ice黑冰
Black out暈倒,使停电, 涂黑,盖住,涂掉
Blue blood皇室血統
Disappear/vanish/go off into the blue消失
Give someone/get the green light給誰開綠燈
Go/turn grey變白
Green with envy眼红的;非常嫉妒的
Grey matter头脑
Have (got) green fingers有绿色的手指,表示“高超的园艺技能”
In black and white白紙和黑墨水
In someone’s black books不取悅任何人
Not as black as one/it is painted並不像人們想像的那麼糟糕
Once in a blue moon千载难逢
Out of the blue突然;出乎意料地;
Paint the town red與朋友聚會
Scream/cry blue murder強烈反對
See red憤怒爆發
The red carpet熱烈歡迎
Till one is blue in the face费尽口舌地
With flying colors出色地完成任務
成語 (Idiom) 關於顔色

與動物有關的 idiom 

成語意思
A bird’s eye view俯视
A busy bee忙碌的人
A cat nap白天睡覺
A cold fish冷漠的人
A dog in the manger不希望任何人使用自己不需要的東西
A dog’s life悲慘的生活
In the doghouse有人對你生氣或不滿意
A fish out of water失落的人
A fly in the ointment一粒鼠粪搅坏一锅汤
A guinea pig把自己當作實驗對象
A home bird喜歡待在家裡的人
A lame duck失敗的人
Alone bird/wolf常待在家裡的人
A rare bird稀有物品
A sitting duck容易受到攻擊
A wild goose chase毫無結果的搜尋
An eager beaver工作狂
An early bird早起的人
An odd bird/fish怪物的人
Badger someone纠缠某人
Bud someone打扰某人
Can’t say boo to a goose非常胆小,胆小如鼠
Do the donkey’s work幹单调,无趣的苦差事
Dog tired筋疲力盡的
Donkey’s years很久;漫长的岁月;很长的时间
Go to the dogs堕落
Have a bee in one’s bonnet被某事困擾
Have butterflies in one’s stomach着急
Have other fish to fry有事要做
Lead a cat and dog life过着猫狗般的生活
Let sleeping dogs lie不要提起過去的事
Let the cat out of the bag揭開秘密
Make a bee-line for something直奔某物
Make a big of oneself飲食粗俗
Not have a cat in hell’s chance没有猫在地狱的机会,表示沒有機會了
Not have room to swing a cat像鼻孔一樣窄
Not hurt a fly不會傷害任何人
Play cat and mouse with someone玩貓和老鼠
Put the cat among the pigeons引起纷争
Take the bull by the horns不怕困難
The bee’s knees出色、顶尖的人或物。
There are no flies on someone很机灵;不会容易上当的人
Top dog統治者
When pigs fly絕不可能發生的時候」或「絕無可能的事
成語 (Idiom) 關於動物

與學校有關的 idiom 

成語意思
Sign up for報名參加
Brush up on復習
Hand in上交
Teacher’s pet被老師寵愛的學生
Drop out (of)退出,停止參與
Cut class/ skip class/ play hooky逃課
The school of hard knocks透過困難的經驗學習有用的知識
成語 (Idiom) 關於學校

與旅行有關的 idiom 

成語意思
Let one’s hair down放松
Give sb a lift让某人搭便车
Hit the road上路
At the crack of dawn黎明
Off the beaten track遙遠、僻靜
At the wheel駕車,開車
Drive a hard bargain討價還價,少一加二
Itchy feet足瘋
Get away from it all去某個地方(旅行)
Travel light/ pack light旅行時攜帶的物品很少,通常只攜帶最少的輕型行李
Catch the sun/ soak up the sun曬太陽
Travel on the cheap低成本旅行
Travel on a shoestring低成本旅行
Take/catch the red-eye航班於深夜起飛
Recharge your batteries休息以恢復健康
成語 (Idiom) 關於旅游

與工作有關的 idiom

成語意義
A mover and shaker意見受到尊重的人
Beat around the bush繞圈子說話
Burn the candle at both ends日夜工作
Butter someone up對某人好是因為你想要某樣東西
Call in a favour要求某人回報
Get off on the wrong foot與某人有一個糟糕的開始
Get the boot被解僱
Get your feet under the table開始熟悉工作
Give someone the sack解僱某人
Give someone their marching orders解僱某人
Go the extra mile做的比你預期的更多
Knuckle under停止浪費時間並開始工作
Pass the buck將責任推給某人
Pull a few strings利用你對某事的影響力
Pull your socks up更加努力
Pull your weight盡自己的一份力量
Put pen to paper開始寫
Put your feet up放鬆
Show someone the ropes告訴某人事情的做法
Take on僱人
The blue-eyed boy受到欣赏的人、受宠爱的人
Work all the hours that God sends利用一切可能的时间工作
Work your fingers to the bone工作很努力
成語 (Idiom) 關於工作

與購物有關的 idiom

成語意義
A mover and shaker意見受到尊重的人
Beat around the bush繞圈子說話
Burn the candle at both ends日夜工作
Butter someone up對某人好是因為你想要某樣東西
Call in a favour要求某人回報
Get off on the wrong foot與某人有一個糟糕的開始
Get the boot被解僱
Get your feet under the table開始熟悉工作
Give someone the sack解僱某人
Give someone their marching orders解僱某人
Go the extra mile做的比你預期的更多
Knuckle under停止浪費時間並開始工作
Pass the buck將責任推給某人
Pull a few strings利用你對某事的影響力
Pull your socks up更加努力
Pull your weight盡自己的一份力量
Put pen to paper開始寫
Put your feet up放鬆
Show someone the ropes告訴某人事情的做法
Take on僱人
The blue-eyed boy受到欣赏的人、受宠爱的人
Work all the hours that God sends利用一切可能的时间工作
Work your fingers to the bone工作很努力
成語 (Idiom) 關於購物

其他常用idioms

成語意義
A flow will have an ebb漲潮必有落潮
A lie has no legs謊言沒長腳
A miss is as good as a mile失之毫釐,差之千里
A year care, a minute ruin一年的關懷,一分鐘的毀滅
Actions speak louder than words行勝於言
Beauty is only skin-deep美麗是膚淺的
Behind the times過時的
Beginning is the difficulty萬事開頭難
Better late than never遲做總比不做好
Birds of a feather flock together物以類聚,人以群分
Bitter pills may have blessed effects良藥苦口利於病
Busybody多管閒事的人
Build castles in the air做白日夢
Caution is the parent of safety謹慎小心是安全之源
Constant dropping wears stone水滴石穿
Couch potato偷懶的人
Do not judge a man by his looks勿以外貌取人
Drunkenness reveals what soberness conceals酒後吐真言
Fool’s haste is no speed欲速則不達
God will not buy everything有錢不能萬能
Grasp all, lose all貪多必失
Half a loaf is better than no bread半條麵包總比沒麵包好;聊勝於無
Handsome is as handsome does行為美才是真正的美
Health is better than wealth健康勝於財富
Heart of gold善良的心
Know-it-all自以為無所不知的人
If the cap fits then wear it有則改之
If you eat the fruit, you have to think about the one who grows the tree吃飯不忘種穀人
In for a penny, in for a pound得寸進尺
It never rains but it pours禍不單行
Like father like son有 其 父 必 有 其 子
Love me love my dog愛屋及烏
Many a little makes a mickle千里之行,始於足下
Man of his words靠譜的人因為他們說到做到並遵守諾言
Money makes the mare go錢溝通神
No guide, no realization無師不通
No wisdom like silence沒有什麽智慧比沉默更重要
Nothing venture, nothing win孤注一擲
One good turn deserves another以 眼 還 眼 、 以 牙 還 牙
One scabby sheep is enough to spoil the whole flock一粒鼠糞攪壞一鍋湯
Out of sight, out of mind眼不見,心不煩
Slow and sure緩慢而確定
So many men, so many minds人多意見也多
Tell me the company you keep, and I will tell you what you see近朱者赤,近墨者黑
The early bird catches the worm早起的鳥兒有蟲吃
The empty vessel makes the greatest sound雷聲 大 、 雨點 小
There’s no smoke without fire無風不起浪
Threats do not always lead to blows會叫的狗是不咬人的狗
Time lost is never found失去的時間永遠找不回來
To kill two birds with one stone一舉兩便
To let the wolf into the fold養虎遺患 ; 養 癰 成 患
To run with the hare and hold with the hounds腳踏兩隻船、 雙手 抓 魚
Traveling forms a young man經一事,長一智
Two securities are better than one两只手比一只手好
We have gone too far to draw back覆水難收
We reap what we sow種瓜得瓜,種豆得豆
Worrywart自尋煩惱的人
Where there is a will, there is a way有志者,事竟成
Where there’s life, there’s hope哪里有生命,哪里就有希望
Who breaks, pays谁打破了谁就要付出代价
Who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl近朱者赤,近墨者黑
Who makes excuses, himself excuses谁找借口,谁就找借口
You never know your luck命運好壞不由己
其他常見的成語 (Idiom)

英語 idiom 練習

練習一: 用動物成語填空

1. Rita had __________ in her pants the day before her important exam.

2. I’m going to have a __________ before the next lesson.

3. I take part in a summer camp during the __________ days of July.

4. We knew something __________ was going on when we saw them secretly leave.

5. __________! I’ll come in a minute.

6. If you make a call while you’re cooking dinner, you will kill __________.

7. Who let __________ about our secret meeting?

8. I __________ on candies, so I’m having a stomachache now.

9. She is the __________ of the family, so she is never welcomed here.

10. My shirt was wet because it was raining __________.

答案

1. Ants

2. Cat nap

3. Dog

4. Fishy

5. Hold the horses

6. Kill two birds with one stone

7. The cat out of the bag

8. Pig out

9. Black sheep

10. Cats and dogs

練習二: 選出正確答案

1. It rained __________ and I didn’t have an umbrella!

A. Black and white

B. Blue in the face

C. Out of the blue

Lucy was __________ when she saw her boyfriend go out with another girl.

2. Blue in the face

A. Green with envy

B. Tickled pink

C. Black sheep

3. He was __________ while stealing money.

A. Take the red eye

B. Caught red-handed

4. She has done the test __________. She is really happy now.

A. With flying colors

B. Out of the blue

C. Black and white

5. __________ you can see your idol on the show.

A. Once in a blue moon

B. Paint the town red

C. Green thumb

6. Her grandmother was __________ that she called on her birthday.

A. Red-letter day

B. Tickled pink

C. Green with envy

7. I __________ from the USA to Vietnam last night and now I am exhausted.

A. Paint the town red

B. Have a yellow streak

C. Take the red eye

8. I didn’t like her song, but I told a __________ because I didn’t want to make her sad.

A. Red tape

B. White lie

C. Black sheep

9. The day I got the highest mark was a __________ for me.

A. Red tape

B. Red-letter day

C. White lie

10. My friend refused to try going climbing at the weekend. He had a __________.

A. White lie

B. Red tape

C. Yellow streak

答案

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CABAA
678910
BCBBC

練習三: 選出正確答案

1. Today is your important test, isn’t it? __________!

A. Break a leg

B. Get cold feet

C. Face to face

2. The picture looks beautiful, but I can’t afford it. It __________.

A. Hits the nail on the head

B. Gives me the cold shoulder

C. Costs an arm and a leg

3. I didn’t sleep last night, so I had to __________ from my parents.

A. Face the music

B. Put my foot in mouth

C. Get off their back

4. We don’t __________ where we should go.

A. Look down our nose at

B. See eye to eye

C. Give a hand

5. We don’t know if the weather will be good enough for going shopping. We’ll have to __________.

A. Keep an eye on it

B. Play it by ear

C. Pay through the nose

6. I __________ the alphabet __________ in the first grade.

A. Gave…a hand

B. Gave…the cold shoulder

C. Learnt…by heart

7. She’ll __________ the baby while her mother is cooking dinner.

A. Keep an eye on

B. See eye to eye

C. Lend a hand

8. I can __________ when you’re too busy.

A. Take it for granted

B. Let off steam

C. Give a hand

9. The climbers were found __________ after the accident.

A. Ups and downs

B. Safe and sound

C. Odds and ends

10. We just have to finish this section, then we’re __________.

A. Ups and downs

B. Safe and sound

C. Home and dry

11. All the police couldn’t find him. Their efforts were __________.

A. In vain

B. The last straw

C. Better safe than sorry

12. Like other people, I’ve had my __________, but life’s like that.

A. Ups and downs

B. Safe and sound

C. Odds and ends

13. __________ was when she couldn’t stop crying.

A. The die is cast

B. Get off her back

C. The last straw

14. He’s just __________ for his benefit. He doesn’t care about anything except for himself.

A. Keeping his shirt on

B. Putting on an act

C. Putting himself in others’ shoes

15. She reads a book after work to __________.

A. Play it by ear

B. Let off steam

C. Pay through the nose

答案

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ACABB
678910
CACBC
1112131415
AACBB
英文成語 (Idiom) 練習

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